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First published 1983 (DOST Vol. V).
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Pes(e, Pece, Peis, Peace, n.¹ Also: pees, peece, peice, peys; peas(e, peac; peche; peich, peasche; pesse; pice. [ME. and e.m.E. pes (a 1225), pees (1382), pese (14th c.), peas(e (15th c.), peace (1535), also pesse (15th c.), AF. pes: cf. Pais n.¹, also Peax n., Pax n.¹.] Peace, in the usual senses.

1. a. Cessation of hostilities or fighting. b. Absence of war or fighting; freedom from strife or civil commotion. c. Amity between individuals, factions or communities.To mak pese, to arrange terms for a treaty of peace; to bring about a reconciliation. To purches pese or tak pese, to negotiate or accept terms for a truce or treaty.In time of pese, rendering the term of style in the valent clauses of retours, tempore pacis, appar. equivalent to (valuation) by ‘old extent’, held by some to be the valuation in the time of Alexander III, prior to the Wars of Independence, by others the value in periods free from war more generally: see Thomas Thomson's Memorial on Old Extent (Stair Soc., 10) esp. pp. 119–25, 214–17, Erskine Inst. ii. v. 31–4, and Extent n.Just or justing of pese, jousting with blunt spears for sport or exercise only, as opposed to justing of were or warlike jousting, with intent to injure or kill one's adversary. Spere of pese, a blunt spear used in such jousting, also ME. (a 1400).comb. in pese-makar, -making.(1) 1375 Barb. i. 80.
At that tyme wes pes and rest Betwyx Scotland and Ingland bath Ib. xx. 57.
Men … maid Fesnyng of frendschip and of pes [: ces] c1420 Wynt. vii. 1699.
On all trewys and on pes And connandys that accordyt wes [etc.] Ib. viii. 7079.
For the pes of thare kynrike c1420 Wynt. vii. 320, etc. (C).
Pesse 1456 Hay I. 242/22.
Gude hope of pes, trety and gude concorde a1500 Henr. III. 170/13 (Ch. & M.). c1475 Wall. viii. 1429. 1490 Irland Mir. I. 118/3, 119/1.
O prince of pes … without pes and concord jn hevin may be na blithnes a1500 Quare Jel. 408.(b) a1400 Leg. S. i. 252–64.
Symon sad, We hawe no nede Of thi pece … thefis amang thame pece parfyte Vill have … For quhene twa fechtis pece sal be Quhen we the tane vincust se. Than said Petir … Pece is ay quhare na syne is c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 2352.
With rest & pece [: Vlixes] 1447 Antiq. Aberd. & B. IV. 196.
Foralsmikle as for the gude of pece … we adress vs … to visy the said partis 1533 Bell. Livy II. 66/23. 1533 Boece i. vi. 45 b.
Lat ws common of pece and gude wayis Ib. vi. xi. 206 b. a1538 Abell 119 a.
This ȝere our king and the lordis lauborit for pece of Ingland be commissionaris a1570-86 Maitland Maitl. F. clxxiv. 74.
Thair sall daylie incres In to this land guid pece & polacie(c) c1475 Wall. viii. 1316.
Ay efftir wer pees is the finall end c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 38.
Troyiens the tretty with to mo … for to pas To pees(d) a1500 Bk. Chess 822.
With men of laubour, peis leving & rest In no tyme may but iustice haf a lest c1500-c1512 Dunb. lxxxvi. 21 (Asl.).
Princes of peis 1535 Stewart 529.
Peis(e) 1494 Loutfut MS. 17 b.
A man of peice vertueulx and of concord to the gud of peice a1540 Freiris Berw. 564 (M).
Chryst send ws peice and lat ws nevir haue weyr 1542 Acts II. 411/2.
For contracing of peice and mariage 1560 Rolland Seven S. 7991.
Quhair peice suld be thair schaw thay vp baldnes a1570-86 Maitl. F. xlv. 41.
Fley ay fra stryf for ane sweit thing is peice [: leis (= lying)](f) c1490 Porteous Noblenes 93 (Ch. & M.).
The way of louynge peas & sufficience 1596 Dalr. II. 397/5.
Pease(g) 1531 Bell. Boece I. 162.
Evill-dedy men that micht suffer na peace 1557 Reg. Cupar A. II. 141.
Thai … salbe reddy to all seruice baytht peace and weir 1586 Misc. Spald. C. IV. 236.
In all his adois of hostilitie or peace 1667 Laing MSS. I. 362.
Peac(h) 1513 Doug. iv. xi. 84 (E) (see Pais n.¹ 1 (1) (b)).
Peche(2) ?1438 Alex. ii. 4824.
I hait the weir and luffis the peis a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 644 (Asl.).
With Sathanas havand a fraudefull pese 1671 Conv. Burghs III. 627.
Wayes to bring the saids burghs to a perfytt peice and ane good undirstanding(3) a1400 Leg. S. xxvii. 722.
Sancte Colme … besy was Betwene thame for to mak pece c1420 Wynt. viii. 3023.
Pes thai made and alyawns 1460 Hay I. 231/16. Alex. (Taym.) (ed.) 1114.
To … mak pes and concord with the King of Fraunce 1513 Doug. v. x. 76.
And sone eftyr … Thar handis schak and pes togyddir mak 1533 Boece i. ii. 35. 1535 Stewart 22056. Ib. 34856.
Thairfoir he thoucht he wald mak peice agane With Scot and Pecht and all weiris forleit 1558-66 Knox II. 320.
A man rather borne to maik peace then to brag upoun the calsey — 1551 Hamilton Cat. 35.
I sall gif peace to all your bordouris — c1475 Wall. i. 332.
Scho prayde he wald to the Lord Persye went … To purches pes Ib. viii. 1106. 1535 Stewart 8907.
Tha haif decreittit … To purcheis peice — c1475 Wall. iii. 265.
Yhe mon tak pes with out mar taryng Ib. v. 503, ix. 667. c1550 Lynd. Meldrum 590.
Our squyer did still remane Efter the weir quhill peice was tane 1572-5 Diurn. Occurr. 6.
Lord Home … ressauit peace fra the … governour bot it lestit nocht 1596 Dalr. II. 60/10.
Betuein thame selfes peice tha conclude — 1563-1570 Buch. Wr. 35.
Scho kepis peace and justice amangis hir subjectis in Ingland 1609 Skene Reg. Maj. ii. 158 b.
All men sould keip peace with others — a1500 Bk. Chess 390.
A seye rever that with no man had peis 1545 Tytler Hist. Scotl. II. 349.
Quhen they had peasche with the Kings hienis [etc.] — a1578 Pitsc. I. 159/2.
The Inglischemen … durst not break peace with Scotland(4) c1420 Wynt. ix. 1376.
He … wes … amyabill in tyme off pes 1439 Charter (Reg. H.) C.O. No. 49.
Josand … in tyme of pece all & sindry the forsaide landis 14.. Reg. Maj. fol. 5.
The kingis lawys … the quhilkis in tym of pese ar misterfull c1460 Consail Vys Man 258. c1460 Alex. (Taym.) (ed.) 2060. c1475 Wall. iv. 43. c1590 Fowler II. 110/4.
A verteous prence suld … never to be ydile occupyed in tyme of peace(5) 1456 5th Rep. Hist. MSS. App. 625/1.
The said landis … war worth in tyme of pese xx lib. 1537 Dunferm. Reg. Ct. 144.
The quhilkis [lands] ar wortht be ȝeyr fifte and tuay markis money of the realm now. And in tym of peace five pundis money foyrsaid 1654 in Thomson's Memorial Old Extent (Stair S., 10) 137.
And that the said lands of Easter Briggis are now worth be year fiftie shillings Scottis money and wes worth sa meikle in tyme of peace(6) c1420 Wynt. ix. 1051 (W).
Sa of pes and weire Thai iustis entermellit were c1475 Wall. x. 1043.
Justene off pees for xx^ty dayis set he — c1420 Wynt. ix. 1049 (W).
And gif his speire of pes were he, Suld than of pes deliuerit be Thre cours(7) comb. 1490 Irland Mir. I. 119/22.
For he mon be werray mediatore and pece makare betuix God and man 1562-3 Winȝet I. 136/4.
The haly peacemaker Irinæus — c1420 Wynt. vii. 1579 h. of ch. (W).
Off the King Williammys taking And of his ransoum and pes making

d. Reconciliation, remission, pardon. a1500 Seven S. 2410.
Scho tellis me my pece is maide

e. Kis of pece, a kiss given as a token of amity or, esp. during mass, of Christian love: for examples, see Kis n. (2).

f. Reconciliation with God; salvation. a1500 Henr. III. 148/56.
He panit for our peacis [: bracis, casis, gracis, bacis, placis]

2. Tranquillity of mind; spiritual peace. a1500 Henr. III. 171/37 (Ch. & M.).
Peas is away, all in perplexitee a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 1378 (Asl.).
O plentuos plesans and pece perpetuale 1490 Irland Mir. I. 40/16.
The clerenes rest and pece that jt [the mind] has than quhen jt js … clene of syne Ib. II. 93/18.
Man … is oblist to wse … his will … to his awne gud proffit … For pes rest and securite [etc.] 1533 Gau 23/9.
Thow sal … haiff pece and ane cheritabil hart to al man a1570-86 Maitland Maitl. F. xcviii. 25.
Sic ane perfyt pece That may our sorrow ceis a1599 Rollock Wks. I. 324.
Will thou aye cry peace in sic ane miserie?

b. In the salutation pece be to (till) ȝow or thee (= L. pax vobis or tecum). a1400 Leg. S. i. 250.
Pece be till ȝow myn brether dere Ib. 669.
Pece be to thé

3. In certain adv. phrases, in senses 1 and 2 above. a. In(to) pese, in freedom from war or strife, without molestation, in tranquillity, quietly.Also, freq., in pese and rest (or rest and pese), id.Common as a formula in grants of land.To set or put in pese, to pacify, to make peaceful. To hald or kepe in pese, to maintain in a state of peace. To hald (oneself) in pese, ? to restrain oneself.(1) 1375 Barb. ix. 184 (E).
In pes lete thaim pas thar way Ib. xix. 138.
That his ayr eftre him suld be In pes a1400 Leg. S. xviii. 1455.
He … thane in pece Discesit c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 2241.
The towne Was in-to pece c1420 Wynt. v. 44.
Quhen the Romanys twelff yhere In pes and quyete lywand were Ib. viii. 909. c1420 Ratis R. 1041. 1456 Hay I. 75/24.
Quhethir it be possible thing that this warld be in pes but weris and bataill c1475 Wall. i. 43. a1500 Seven S. 939.
He prayit his sisteris to be in pes [: ces] c1515 Asl. MS. I. 194/15. Ib. 268/10.
The Duke of Albany … left the land in gret pece 1531 Bell. Boece I. 175.
Als sone as the realme wes stabillit to him in sicker peace [etc.] 1533 Gau 36/23.
Lat thy seruand pas in pece 1567 G. Ball. 96.
Humill men sall … leif in peace fra wickit mennis reird 1572 Bann. Memor. 267. 1602 Dundonald Par. Rec. 23.
[They] actit thame selfis to leive in peace and quietnes togiddir(b) 1605 Melvill 596.
That thai mycht entir in pice and uniformitie(2) 1456 Hay II. 125/27.
The naturale hete … consumys soner the fude in the stomak and sendis it in pes and rest to the partis of the body quhare it is ordanyt to be 1530 Acta Conc. Publ. Aff. 344.
That the Kingis liegis ma leif in rest and pece for ony scaith to be done be the said clan Gregour 1535 Stewart 45069.
That he suld leif in lytill rest and peice 1560 Rolland Seven S. 3934.
Ȝe may haue … Ȝour haill impyre weill into peice and rest 1590 Prot. Bk. J. Inglis 28 Sept.
Allageand that nane meicht enter thairto [a house] in rest & pece for fere of perturbatione(3) 1400 Charter (Reg. H.) Honess Doc. No. 1.
My landis … to be haldyn … als freli quitli wele and in pese as [etc.] 1423 (1431) Reg. Great S. 45/1. 14.. Burgh Laws c. 10 (B).
Qwha som evir haldis his land thrw a yhere and a day … in pese 1438 Ayr Friars Pr. Chart. 49. 1475 Lennox Mun. 104. 1490 Foulis Chart. (Reg. H.) 4 Dec.
The saide lande to be haldyn … pessaple and in pes … to the saide Johnne 1564–5 Reg. Privy S. V. i. 558/2. 1606 Inverness Rec. II. 44.(4) 1375 Barb. x. 257 (E).
The king … Settand in pes all the countre 1456 Hay I. 3/28.
And put this travailland warld in pes and rest Ib. 22/5.
The haly kirk was put in pes a1500 Henr. Orph. 181 (Asl.).
Gar hir appeir and put myne hert in pes 1535 Stewart 16795. 1545 Corr. M. Lorraine 149.
In putting [your] grace landes and tennandis in rest and peis — 1375 Barb. xx. 606 (E).
[The Earl of Moray] held in pes … the countre c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 2658.
Pirrus in pece & rest Kepit his kynryk wele c1420 Wynt. viii. 6083.
Qwhy couth he noucht have in to pes Haldyn his land as it than wes ?14.. Ship Laws c. 8 (B).
The maystyr hyris his men to hald thaim in pese c1460 Regim. Princ. 150 (Marchm.).
Justice … Haldis pepil in pece 1596 Dalr. II. 358/24.
Jn this ordour … ar mony sett furth to hald sitiȝenis in peice — a1400 Leg. S. x. 263.
Gudmen, hald ȝow al in pese

b. In pese, in the pese, = in tyme of pese, 1 (4) above.(1) a1400 Leg. S. vii. 462.
Ledare Of that towne bath in pese & vere 1452 Douglas Chart. 79.
Byndis thaim … to be witht him … bath in were and in pese a1500 Bk. Chess 1819.
Als weile in peis as in to tyme of weire a1568 Bellenden Bann. MS. 367 a/35.
How this cuntre baith in peice & weir Bene governit 1596 Dalr. II. 9/9.
In the weiris thay war maist valȝeant and in peace maist faithfull(2) 14.. Reg. Maj. c. 189.
Gif a man be slane in the pes of the son of an erl or of a thayn til him pertenis iii^xx ky

c. Of pese, peacefully; without molestation. d. At pese, in a state of peace or tranquillity; in quiet.c. c1475 Wall. viii. 933.
Off pees the ost lugyt all nycht Ib. xi. 46.
Ye may off pes plenys thir landis widd. c1475 Wall. iii. 279.
Thai chargyt him to mak Wallace at pes c1490 Porteous Noblenes 180/23 (Asl.).
Ane man … that will haue ane soft bed ane full wame remanynge at eis and pece … wolke be wolke 1535 Stewart 30610.
With his nichtbour be ay at pece and rest c1568 Lauder Minor P. i. 608.
Peace 1647 Kirkcudbr. B. Rec. II. 790.
The bailȝeis have ordanit them to be at peice 1661 Baillie III. 448.

4. An agreement for the cessation of hostilities between warring parties; a truce; a treaty of peace.Chiefly the or this pese.(1) 1398–9 Acts I. 211/2.
All thyngis the qwhilkis ar … to be tretit for the peece c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 43 (C).
That he for hyr wald trete the pece With Menelayus c1420 Wynt. viii. 3737. 1456 Hay I. 243/16.
Men … that briss the Kingis trewis … or brekis the pes accordit utterly and endit c1475 Wall. iii. 333.
With thair consent Wallace this pes has tayne … till x moneth war gayne Ib. ix. 663.
Be thar chansler the tothir pees was bwn 1513 Doug. xii. ii. 157.
And of the peys and trewys … Proclame … lawys of contract 1533 Boece xi. xv. 436.
Arbitrouris & compositouris … to dres the pece 1543 Acts II. 431/2. 1558–9 Ayr B. Acc. 130.
To him that proclamit the pece £1/15 1568 Anderson Collect. Mary IV. i. 119.
Peas 1571 Laing MSS. I. 23.
The letter ye writt to my Lord Regent towart the peice of Bruchtie a1578 Pitsc. II. 80/16.
This wickit man that stopis the peac betuix Ingland and Scottland 1596 Dalr. I. 158/7.
This peice induret sax ȝeiris continuallie(2) 1456 Hay I. 243/24.
He that brekis trewis or pes … thare folowis … payne capitale

5. The protection granted by the King, either to certain specified persons or classes, or to all living within the law under his jurisdiction. Also, freq., the kingis pese, id.Also said of the protection and suzerainty offered by a magnate other than the king or that of a sovereign state: jurisdiction (of a king, magnate or sovereign state).For refs. to other special ‘peaces’ mentioned in early Sc. documents, see Bisset III. ii.Justice of the peace, see Justice n. 11 c.Letter of the kingis pece, a letter of protection or pardon.(Law)borowis of pece, a surety or sureties against a breach of the peace.To swere the pese, to swear to keep the peace.At the pese and faith or faith and pese (of the king, realm, etc.), in a state of allegiance: see also Faith n. 4 b.Chalmer or palace of pece, i.e. in which the ‘peace’ of the crown specially prevailed.Pes of the fair, the special protection granted to merchants and traders travelling to or from, or attending, a fair.comb. in pese-brekar (a disturber of the peace).(1) a 1153 Acts I. 11/1.]
[De pace regis data peregrinis et mercatoribus c 1390 Reg. Morton I. xl.
Brekand … the ferme pece and the protectioun of howre fornemmit Kyng Robert 14.. Acts I. 11/2.
Of the Kyngis pece to pilgrymis and othiris Ib. 300/3.
Giff ony man be slayn in the pes of our lord the King til him pertenis ix tymis xx^ti ky 1449 Ib. II. 35/1.
It is ordanit that general pece be proclamyt and kepit … that al men may trauel souerly … throu the lande swa that … the Kingis pece be souer til al man 1457 Ib. 51/1.
The schirref sall … forbide thame … to distrubile the Kingis pece c1575 Balfour Pract. 279.
Thairthrow … lichliand the Kingis authoritie and brekking of his peace 1581 Glasgow B. Rec. I. 88.
That nane … cumand to this fair … do ony hurt … bot leif peceablie … vnder all hiest pane … and to be callit … for breking the Kingis Maiesteis pece 1597 Skene Verb. S. s.v. Haimsvken.
Contrair the Kings peace 1600 Strathendrick 161 n.
To the apparand brek of his majesties peece 1609 Skene Reg. Maj. Table s.v. King.
Pilgrameris merchandis ministers of the kirk pure folk and feabill or weake persons are vnder the Kings peace and his speciall protection(2) 1106–24 Liber Scon 3.]
[Ut omnes mercatores extra regionem Scotie manentes … pacem meam et Dei eundo et redeundo pacemque tenendo habeant c1420 Wynt. vi. 1181.
Quhat evyre he wes that brak his pes … He suld thole the payne off dede c1475 Wall. viii. 571.
Wallace … cryit his pes thar market for till stand Thai fourty dayis for pepill off Ingland 1533 Acta Conc. MS. II. 193.
To be callit … as stoparis lettaris and brekaris of the peace 1590 Misc. Wodrow Soc. 506.
Our common peace is so highly indangered … by … malecontens and conspirators 1613 Hist. Clan Gregor I. 406.
And perhaps tempt some who stand alreddie bound to the peace to lope furth [etc.] 1643 Acts VI. i. 23/1. 1659 Aberd. B. Rec. IV. 184.
We find it our dewtie to mantein the peace of the commonwealth in this burghe 1666 Laing MSS. I. 354.
Thois thives and murderers that disturbs the peis of the cuntray(3) 14.. Reg. Maj. c. 86.
Quha sa euer be law of the land be vnlawyt efterwart be the benefice of the prince is restoryt again to the pece he may nocht [etc.](4) 14.. Burgh Laws c. 105 (A).
Thir ar the customes of pece in tym of fayris within the Kingis burrows 1456 Hay I. 176/2.
Brekaris of pes c1475 Wall. ix. 257.
Pes I wald haiff fayn of my rychtwis king(5) 14.. Acts I. 345/2.
For a letter of the Kingis pece for the dede of ony man to the chancellar xl s.(6) 1449 Acts II. 35/2.
Gif ony persone dredis ane vthir … thai sal tak borowis of pece eftir the actis maid thar apon c1575 Balfour Pract. 518.
Gif ony man brekis the lawborrowis of peace fund be him to ony of the King's lieges [etc.](7) 1658 Rothesay B. Rec. 24.
James Robisoun haveing sworne the peace contra Niniane Allane that he dred the said Niniane his bodily harme(8) 1488 Acts II. 208/1.
That thar faderis … deit nocht at the faith and peis of the King 1500 Stewart Mem. 82. 1526 Selkirk B. Ct. MS. fol. 120 a.
His fader … deit vestit and sesit at facht of haly kirk and peice of relme a1633 Hope Major Pract. II. 293. 1667 Rothesay B. Rec. 141.(b) 1540 Selkirk B. Ct. (ed.) 220.
Nerrest … air to … his fader quhilk deit vestit and saissit at fath and peich of our soveran(9) 1515 (c 1580) Edinb. B. Rec. I. 156.
For the cruell hurting of Robert Roger … within my lord gouernouris chalmer and palace of pece(10) 14.. Acts I. 38/2.
Thar sal na man be takyn … bot gif he breke the pece of the fayr 14.. Burgh Laws c. 93 (B).
Eftyr the pese of the fayre be cryit na man sal be tane na attachit c1575 Balfour Pract. 213. 1581 Glasgow B. Rec. I. 88.
The peace of the fair wes proclamit … vpone the … croce(11) comb. 1575 Reg. Privy C. II. 460.
The said pane of deid salbe execute upoun thame as wilfull peace brekaris 1578 Ib. III. 38.

b. In analogous senses, as the pece of haly kirk, Godis pece. 14.. Burgh Laws c. 105 (A).
Sic a misdoar that the pece of haly kirk acht nocht to deffende him — a1500 Lanc. 1408.
If ye lyk to ryng wnder his [sc. God's] pes [etc.] 1558 Inverness Rec. I. 27.
To hawe lewit onder Godis pece 1567 G. Ball. 54.
Sen we are now at Goddis peace

c. The re-admission of an outlaw to allegiance; (an outlaw's) pardon. 1548 Corr. M. Lorraine 233.
Na thing that I can do may satesfy my lord governour to gif me my pece albeit the party be content c1650 Spalding I. 141.
James Grant the rebell gettis his peace fra the King and now beginis to kythe

d. Wand of pece, the baton which a messenger-at-arms delivered to an outlaw relaxed from horning in token of restoration to the King's peace; also applied to the messenger's baton of office: see also Wand n. 1511 Reg. Privy S. I. 355/2.
A respit maid to Donald Maklauchrane … with power to the schireffis of Edinburgh and Drumfreis to relesch him fra the horne and deliver him the wand of pece [etc.] 1549–50 Prot. Bk. J. Foulis (S.R.S.) 8.
Quharby thai may be relaxit fra horning simpliciter and restorit to the wand of peas c1575 Balfour Pract. 560.
Gif ony man alledgis him to be wrangouslie denuncit rebel … and desyris … to be relaxit thairfra, the lordis may relax him and give him the wand of peace instantlie 1672 Justiciary Ct. Rec. II. 75.
He and other persons lybelled beat and wounded the messenger after he had laid hold upon the said Hary and touched him with his wand of peace several times

6. (To pas, come, etc. to or till, to tak to or till, to pas fra or leve) the allegiance of a particular sovereign or magnate, or as a liege of a particular realm.In early verse. 1375 Barb. ii. 499.
The commownys … war full fayn To pas to the Inglis pes agayn Ib. x. 503 (E).
Quhill all Tewidale Come to the kingis pes Ib. 774.
Sesand the cuntre till his pes [: wes] Ib. xiii. 557.
He left the Inglis mennys pes [: wes] Ib. ix. 540. c1420 Wynt. ix. 428, 430 (C).
That lande he [the Earl of Douglas] tuk hail til his [R. the] pesse [W. The folkis alhaill come to the pes] That nouthir fur na fut of lande Was at thar pesse than of Inglande Outtane [etc.] Ib. 548 (W).
How all the folkis of Tewydaill Wes passit fra his pes alhaill Ib. viii. 4394 (R). c1475 Wall. viii. 954.
Thai suld … Forsaik thair faith and tak thaim till his pes

7. To hald (one's) pese, to be or remain silent. 1513 Doug. iii. Prol. 20.
Quha kan not hald thar peice ar fre to flyte Ib. vi. ii. 158.
Quod scho, and tho gan ses, Hir mowth clappit togiddir and held hir pes a1568 Scott iii. 51. 1594 Charteris Pref. Wall. in Misc. Bann. C. III. 172.
He micht with mair honestie haif haldin his peice