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A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (up to 1700)

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First published 2001 (DOST Vol. X).
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

Tarpa(n)tyne, Terpentyne, Turpatyne, n. Also: tarpentyne, -in, -ene, tarpet(t)yne, tarpeting, tarburtyne, terpatyne, tearpuntyne, turpentine. [ME and e.m.E. terbentyn (1322), turbentyne, turpentyne (both c1400), terebentyne (c1425), OF tourbentine, terebentyne, L. terebentina (rēsīna) the resin of the terebinth tree.]

1. Turpentine, the viscid solution of resin in volatile oil obtained from conifers. Also attrib. with rod, a rod from a tree containing turpentine resin.(a) 1537–8 M. Works Acc. (ed.) I 233.
To Peris for … salpeter bruntstane ule petroll tarpantyne aquawite quik silver [etc.] 1579 Edinb. Test. VII 285b.
For prenting ink and tarpetyne 1585 Edinb. Test. XIV 254b.
Tarpentyne 1589 Edinb. Test. XXI 19b.
Ane barrell with certane tarpatyne sald for x s. 1590 Edinb. Test. XXI 312.
Four pund tarburtyne at v s. vj d. the pund 1617 M. Works Acc. (ed.) II 89.
Tarpettyne(b) 1566–7 Treas. Acc. XII 404.
For four unce of terpentyne with ane pig 15… Sc. Hist. Rev. IX 450.
Tak the wax with the terpatyne and the crethe or olye and put thame in a puder diche 1661 Dumfries Doc. (Sel. Doc. No. 11).
Tearpuntyne(c) 1540 Treas. Acc. VII 357.
Turpatyneattrib. 1632 Lithgow Trav. (1906) 230.
A turpentine rod brought from Jordan and given to King James

b. Tarpentene of Veneis, turpentine of Venice, appar. obtained from the larch tree. 1575 Edinb. Test. III 319.
Ipothecar … In his buist … a gray pig with tarpentene of Veneis

c. Oyll of tarpentin, ulie tarpantyne, tarpeting oyle, oil or spirit of turpentine, a distillation of crude turpentine. 1586 Edinb. Test. XVI 366.
Thrie pund wecht of spett vlie petir and ulie tarpantyne at xxiiij s. the pund 16… Nat. Lib. MS 22. 2. 11 4th last page.
Oyll of lewender and oyll of tarpentin — 1633 M. Works Acc. (ed.) II 316.
For tarpeting oyle to the dyell

2. Turpentine tree, the terebinth tree. 1632 Lithgow Trav. vi 258.
I … cut down a faire hunting rod of the heavy and sad turpentine tree, being three yards long … full of small knots, and of a yellowish colour