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Scottish National Dictionary (1700–)

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First published 1956 (SND Vol. IV). Includes material from the 1976 and 2005 supplements.
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

HAE, v.¹, n.¹ Sc. forms and usages of Eng. have. See P.L.D. § 70.1. [Sc. he:, ne., em.Sc., Dmf. + hɪv, Ags., Uls. + hɛv, Arg. + he:v, Cai. + he¹v]

I. v. A. Sc. forms:

1. Sc. forms of Eng. have. Inf.: as 1st person sing. pr.t., and also in reduced form a, in unstressed position after aux. v. and freq. joined thereto (Per. 1716 T. L. K. Oliphant Lairds of Gask (1870) 55; Sc. 1718 Ramsay Poems (S.T.S.) I. 67; Sc. 1747 Lyon in Mourning (S.H.S.) II. 245; Abd. 1929 J. Alexander Mains & Hilly 132). See Micht, Wad, etc.wm.Sc. 1987 Anna Blair Scottish Tales (1990) 60:
'Weel, no' thirled by my own will. It was my faither was here afore me, but it's the land itself my heart's in, gin I could ever hae got my name on a stretch or two.'Ags. 1988 Raymond Vettese The Richt Noise 25:
and tae gie til the warl syne
that rissom o aefauld experience
nae ither hais, or can hae. And it's a sair fecht.

2. (1) Pr.t.: Sc. forms of Eng. have. 1st person sing.: ha(e) (Gen.Sc.); he (Sh. 1836 Gentleman's Mag. II. 592–3); 'e (Kcb. 1901 Trotter Gall. Gossip 54); hiv(v) (Hdg. 1903 J. Lumsden Toorle 202; Bnff., Abd., Ags., Fif., Dmf. 1956); hive (Bnff. 1866 Gregor D. Bnff. 33); hev (Mry. 1927 E. B. Levack Lossiemouth 19; Ags., Arg., Uls. 1956); huv. (2) Sc. forms of Eng. have. 2nd person sing: hes (Sh. 1919 T. Manson Peat Comm. II. 236); hees (Sh.); his (Ork. 1905 Dennison Wedding Customs 25). (3) Sc. forms of Eng. has. 3rd person sing.: his (Rnf. 1873 D. Gilmour Pen' Folk 45; Ags., Ayr. 1956); hes (Uls. 1897 A. M'Ilroy Lint in the Bell 59; Rxb. 1915 Kelso Chron. (10 Dec.) 4; Ags., Uls. 1956); hiz (Abd. 1924 Swatches o' Hamespun 57); haes (Abd. 1923 J. R. Imray Village Roupie 29; Sh. 1956); hees (Sh. 1956); †hess (Rxb. 1716 Trans. Hawick Arch. Soc. (1914) 25); hais; huz. (4) 1st person pl.: hiv, hae (Gen.Sc.); haes (Sh. 1918 T. Manson Peat Comm. I. 152); hez (Sh. 1836 Gentleman's Mag. II. 590, Sh. 1956). (5) Sc. forms of Eng. have. 2nd person pl.: hiv, hae (Gen.Sc.); hev m.Lth. 1894 W. G. Stevenson Puddin' 64; Mry. 1927 E. B. Levack Lossiemouth 15; Rxb. 1927 E. C. Smith Braid Haaick 9; Ags. 1956); heh (Rxb. 1927 E. C. Smith Braid Haaick 7); huv. (6) Sc. forms of Eng. have. 3rd person pl.: hae (Gen.Sc.); also hiv (Id.); hev (Edb. 1895 J. Tweeddale Moff 205; Lnk. 1923 G. Rae 'Mang Lowland Hills 20; Uls. 1956); †haes (Kcb. 1901 Trotter Gall. Gossip 157); hiz (ne.Sc. 1881 W. Gregor Folk-Lore 130); †hes (Lnk. 1707 Minutes J.P.s (S.H.S.) 5); †hase (Sc. 1745 S.C. Misc. (1841) 404); The form hiv is most commonly employed emphatically or interrogatively, esp. in ne.Sc. (7) with neg. suffix. Sc. forms of Eng. hasn't, haven't. The neg. suffix -na(e) is freq. affixed to these forms, hae na, etc. becoming freq. hinna (Ags. 1889 Barrie W. in Thrums v.; Bnff., Abd., Ags., wm.Sc. 1956), hanna (Abd. 1768 A. Ross Helenore 34; Edb. 1931 E. Albert Herrin' Jennie 178); henna (w.Sc. 1887 Jam.; Lnk. 1919 G. Rae Clyde & Tweed 86; Rxb. 1927 E. C. Smith Braid Haaick 4), hinnae, -y (em. and sm.Sc.), huvna, -nae, havena, -nae, -ny, hevnie, hivnae, hasnae, hasnie. (1)wm.Sc. 1986 Robert McLellan in Joy Hendry Chapman 43-4 31:
I hae to coont his pulse afore I stert. (To Janet and McKillop) Haud caunles close, will ye?wm.Sc. 1991 Liz Lochhead Bagpipe Muzak 18:
Garden Festival? I suppose as
Ideas go - well, bread and roses
I agree wi' that. I always huv.(2)wm.Sc. 1954 Robin Jenkins The Thistle and the Grail (1994) 7:
"Hae you ever," asked Tinto urgently, "in the lang braw licht of summer, wi the licht and sweetness of manhood in your bluid, laid a woman on the wavering grass up yonder, and violets all round her, till you couldnae be sure what were violets and what were her een?"(3)  Ags. 1988 Raymond Vettese The Richt Noise 25:
and tae gie til the warl syne
that rissom o aefauld experience
nae ither hais, or can hae.Dundee 1989 W. N. Herbert in Joy Hendry Chapman 55-6 93:
Toomity that nivir wauks
or lats a lassie moan
huz in ma palice tuke hissel
tae doss upo ma throne.m.Sc. 1991 Tom Scott in Tom Hubbard The New Makars 42:
For she, nae less at gloamin nor at greikin
Reivan murderess, sic wounds hes given.Dundee 1991 W. N. Herbert in Tom Hubbard The New Makars 177:
Dundee is yir pit and anerly toon;
pass owre Piers, Piers pass owre:
thi psychopomp huz huddiz oor.Arg. 1998 Angus Martin The Song of the Quern 54:
For mony a wan haes slep' face tae the table, ... (5)  m.Sc. 1997 Liz Niven Past Presents 18:
Huv ye ever hid a guid hing?
Dae ye ken whit a guid hing is?
Weel, ye fling open yer windae,
Plant yer elbows ower the ledge
An hae a guid gowp oot. (6) Sth. 1996 Essie Stewart in Timothy Neat The Summer Walkers: Travelling People and Pearl-Fishers in the Highlands of Scotland 15:
During rationing my mother always swapped her clothing coupons for sugar for the tea, 'We dinnae need new claes,' she'd say 'but a' the Stewarts ha'e had a sweet tooth since the Flood!'(7) Edb. 1938 Fred Urquhart Time Will Knit (1988) 28:
"But Spike hasnie heard it," Granpa said. "Ye'd like to hear it, wouldn't ye, Spike?"wm.Sc. 1985 Liz Lochhead Tartuffe 15:
Take yir time, but Ah haveny
got a' day.wm.Sc. 1986 Robert McLellan in Joy Hendry Chapman 43-4 22:
Me! I haena touched it!m.Sc. 1987 Andrew Cowan in Iain Crichton Smith Scottish Short Stories 1987 101:
Havenae seen her aboot these days. She all right?'
Pringle took a breath. 'Aye,' he said.Gsw. 1990 Tom Rae in Joy Hendry Chapman 60 67:
"Thank God ah dinny miss yese boys ... ah want tae thank ye fur the use o yer tent while the rain wis on. Ye hinny got sich a hing as a pair o breeks going spare? Ah've pished masel again."wm.Sc. 1991 Liz Lochhead Bagpipe Muzak 34:
Not really, well, putting on the beef a bit but who hasnae!Cai. 1992 James Miller A Fine White Stoor 147:
Well, och, I havena done muckle, I just had a few ideas, ye ken, and, well, the land, when it comes to the land, that's all we've got, is it no?Gsw. 1993 Margaret Sinclair Soor Plooms and Candy Balls 21:
Mammy, need any messages? Gonnae gi' me a penny?
Wean, ah wid give ye wan, but ah hivnae any.Gsw. 1993 Herald 17 Jul 6:
Turns out that the reason why Radio Scotland's pips are higher than those of Radio Four, is that once again the Scots have got it right and the English huvnae.Dmf. 1994 Hugh McMillan Horridge 15:
Fuck me, will ye look at that.
Ah hevnie seen an arrangement like
that since we spotted the wan that looked
like a zebra on a surfboard ... Abd. 2000 Herald 18 Sep 21:
One lad said he would block the Skene road altogether. "But you've just got a dairy, you hinna got any plant."em.Sc. 2000 James Robertson The Fanatic 170:
'Surprised I huvna worn it oot.'

3. (1) Sc. forms of Eng. had. Pa.t.: had; †haid (Sc. a.1714 Earls Crm. (Fraser 1876) II. 474); hid (Ags. 1894 J. B. Salmond B. Bowden (1922) 13; Abd. 1926 Abd. Univ. Review (July) 224; Bnff., Abd., Ags., Fif., Ayr. 1956); hed (Hdg. 1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-Head 295; Cai. 1909 D. Houston 'E Silkie Man 3; Rxb. 1927 E. C. Smith Braid Haaick 9; Sh. 1956); hud (sm.Sc.); haed (Abd. 1923 J. R. Imray Village Roupie 30); hedd. (2) Neg. Sc. forms of Eng. had not. -na, hadnae, haednae, hidny, -nae, -no (1)m.Sc. 1979 William J. Tait in Joy Hendry Chapman 23-4 (1985) 36:
An undertaker, mebbe -
He hed the haunds for it.(2) Ork. 1952 R. T. Johnston Stenwick Days (1984) 17:
" ... If id hidno been for her I widno ken whit a grand tist thir is wi' whisky."Gsw. 1962 Bill McGhee Cut and Run 43:
'... An' if it hidny o' been for him an' Pat we might no' hae reddit them the way we did. ...'Gsw. 1983 James Kelman Not not while the giro 30:
A wis thinkin aboot gin hame kis a hidny a light...wm.Sc. 1987 Anna Blair Scottish Tales (1990) 114:
'I hadnae thought to see so muckle a company wi' the King. Your Grace maun pardon me that the vittles are no' ready waitin'.Sc. 1991 T. S. Law in Tom Hubbard The New Makars 33:
A whylsin back that wasnae faur
as haednae seen the furst new caur, ... Rnf. 1993 History on your Doorstep, The Reminiscences of the Ferguslie Elderly Forum 5:
They were helpful, and if you hadna a shilling, the woman next door would gie you it.Gsw. 1993 Margaret Sinclair Soor Plooms and Candy Balls 1:
Mrs, needin' any messages, that was wan o' ma tricks.
Wean, could ye get me fags, ah forgot ah hidnae any, ... wm.Sc. 1994 Duncan and Linda Williamson in James Robertson A Tongue in Yer Heid 124:
But times wis very hard fir im an he was very idle, he hedna got much work to dae one day.m.Sc. 1996 John Murray Aspen 3:
fer me yer flooer haadsna
the fusty reek o soorit wine,
yer sap the creashiness o bluid

4. Pr.p., vbl.n.: ha(e)in(g), haen (Gen.Sc.); hevan (Cai. 1928 John o' Groat Jnl. (10 Feb.)); pa.p. (1) Strong. Sc. forms of Eng. had: haen (Lnk. c.1779 D. Graham Writings (1883) II. 9; n.Sc. 1956); hain (Bwk. 1897 R. M. Calder Poems 68); hin, unstressed (Abd. 1956); hane (Per. 1816 J. Duff Poems 10; Bnff. 1927 E. S. Rae Hansel fae Hame 46); heen (Ork. 1880 Dennison Sketch-Bk. 44; ne.Sc. 1956); -un (Ayr. 1901 G. Douglas Green Shutters xxi.); (2) Strong-Weak: hedden (Cai. 1929 John o' Groat Jnl. (13 Dec.); Ags. 1956); (3) Weak: haed (Abd. 1909 J. Tennant Jeannie Jaffray 6); hed (Sh. 1914 Angus Gl.); hedd (Sh. 1956); hid (ne.Sc. 1956); had. (1)Dundee 1990 Sheila Stephen in Joy Hendry Chapman 60 51:
"Eh'd jist haen a wee leh doon an' whin Eh woke up it wiz eftir twa, ... "

B. Sc. usages:

1. (1) Imper. Mood: hae (Sc.); hyeh, hyih, hyae (Rxb.). Used absolutely, along with the action of proferring something, in the sense of “here!”, “take this!” Gen.Sc. Now obs. in Eng.Sc. 1721 J. Kelly Proverbs 133:
Hae will a deaf Man hear.Sc. 1728 Ramsay Poems (S.T.S.) II. 80:
While Love does at his Altar stand, Hae there's my Heart, gi'e me thy Hand.Ayr. 1786 Burns Auld Mare i.:
A Guid New-Year I wish you Maggie! Hae, there's a ripp to thy auld baggie.Bnff. 1847 A. Cumming Tales (1896) 93:
Hae, tak that, an' be aff wi' you.Uls. 1879 W. G. Lyttle Readings 81:
She hel' it up till my mooth, an' sez she, “Hae!”Ags. 1888 Barrie Auld Licht Idylls viii.:
“Hae, Bell,” said Sanders, handing the bag to Bell.Kcb. 1893 Crockett Stickit Minister 77:
A laddie met me at the gate “You're the minister that preached the day — hae!” says he. It was a note frae somebody I didna ken.Sc. 1896 Stevenson W. of Hermiston v.:
To the son that raised him he gave the bag of money. “Hae,” said he.Abd. 1917 C. Murray Sough o' War 37:
Hae, Briggie, pass the snuff; Ye winna hinner lang wi' me, an' speer a lot o' buff.Sh. 1951 Sh. Folk Bk. II. 65:
Here boy an hae boy dat maks a gjüd boy. (2) Subj. Mood, in phrs.: (a) hiv (hae) a care o' me (us), an exclamation of surprise (Abd.⁴ 1931). Also contracted form hevicaries (Edb. 1895 J. Tweeddale Moff 24); (b) sae hae me, I can assure you (lit. so (may the devil) have me).(b) Ork. 1904 Dennison Sketches 2:
Sae hae me, I never heard sic a rumpis o' noise.

2. Phrs.: (1) huvtae case, a shotgun wedding. (Gsw., Ayr. 2000s); (2) to be well had, to be well off (Ayr., Uls. 1956); (3) to have at ill-will, to dislike; (4) to hae had or haen (something) to do, to have been compelled or predetermined by fate to take a certain course of action (Abd., Ags., Slg. 1956); (5) to hae easy, — guid, — ill, (and similar adjs. implying ease, advantage, difficulty, etc.), followed by the gerund, to be able to . . . with ease, etc. (Sh., ne.Sc., Ags. 1956). See Easy, Guid, Ill; (6) to hae up, to renounce, withdraw.(1) Gsw. 1988 Michael Munro The Patter Another Blast 34:
huvtae or huvtae case A slang term for a necessary wedding, in which the celebrants 'have to' get married: 'It wis a dead quiet weddin - well, what can ye expect fur a huvtae case?'(2) Ayr. 1790 J. Fisher Poems 78:
We're weel had that's in aff the hight, At this bra' meikle ingle.(3) Slk. 1829 Hogg Shep. Cal. (1874) vi.:
He has had us at ill-will for several generations.(4) Sc. 1825 Jam.:
He had ha'en that to do, often implying the idea of necessity; a dangerous and delusory mode of expression, commonly used as a kind of apology for crime, as if it were especially to be charged to destiny.(5) Fif. 1755 Session Papers, Hunter v. Aitken State of Process 13:
His Sister was a little gross, and would have ill getting in [to a pew].Ayr. 1870 J. K. Hunter Life Studies xi.:
I have ill getting down and worse getting up.Abd. 1875 G. Macdonald Malcolm xlviii.:
God forgie ye . . . for I hae ill duin' 't!Abd. 1892 J. Smith Hame-spun Rhymes 56:
When the sea was rough, an' they'd ill gettin' in, He aye was among the foremost to rin.Ags. 1893 Arbroath Guide (11 Feb.) 4:
I hae had gae ill tholin' 't withoot fleein' up in a flist o' a passion.Abd. 1913 G. Greig Mains Again 8:
He's easier wantin' his siller than me.Ags. 1932 Barrie Julie Logan v.:
He fell head foremost into sleep, and I had ill rousing him.Abd.²⁷ 1956:
He has ill traivellin wi his sair fit. Ye've easier deein't nor me. Ye've better seein sma print nor me.em.Sc.(b) 1986 Helen and Keith Kelsall Scottish Lifestyle 300 Years Ago 108:
Late in January 1695 there was a particularly bad spell of weather when George urgently needed to go to Edinburgh: '... John Murdo brought me word there was no going by the wester way, but that some were gone this day by the post road, but that it is ill getting to it. ... Capt. Cockburn told me I would have ill travelling. ...' Edb. 2000:
Ah hae ill gaun through aw thae papers.(6) Ayr. 1714 Ayr Presb. Rec. MS. (3 March):
The provest demanded, that seeing he had given in the Call upon condition if the presbytrie concurred not with it he might have it up, and therefor desyred it might be given up.

3. Sometimes omitted after conditional aux. v. before pa.p., esp. in neg. sentences when the former is suffixed by neg. -na. Gen.Sc.Sc. 1721 Ramsay Poems (S.T.S.) I. 180:
There is a Person well I ken Might wi' the best gane right far ben.Abd. 1768 A. Ross Helenore 4:
What wad I geen, that thou hadst put thy thumb, Upo' the well tauld tale, till I had come.Rnf. 1788 E. Picken Poems 64:
Ae carle wadna car't a feg To shorn awa' anither's leg.Ayr. 1793 Burns Grose's Peregrinations v.:
It's tauld he was a sodger bred, And ane wad rather fa'n than fled.Per. 1802 S. Kerr Poems 18:
Ay, first indeed, they did begin, As if they soon wad haen ye done.Ags. 1823 A. Balfour Foundling II. 87:
It wad ha'e done your heart good to lookit at her.Abd. 1871 W. Alexander Johnny Gibb xix.:
But I wud not latt'n them say't.Ags. 1894 J. B. Salmond My Man Sandy (1899) xiv.:
I wudda gien a pound note juist to gotten a richt straucht-forrit fecht.Mry. 1897 J. Mackinnon Braefoot Sk. 68:
A couldna get it tae the road again tho' A sud niver deen mair.Ork. 1911 Old-Lore Misc. IV. iv. 184:
Thu sees hid wis a toon bae hidsel awa amang da hills, an' even ither Birsa fok at sad kent better wad sain at hid was meed late on a Setterdae night.

4. In modal use: with to (tae) followed by inf. in place of pa.p. Gen. in unfulfilled conditional sentences in past time (Ags., Arg., Kcb. 1956).e.Dmf.² 1917:
Hey hed to gan o' Monday but hey couldna get = He was to have gone (by invitation). If the water had to boil too quickly.Arg.¹ 1930:
If it had tae be rainin we couldn't ha gone. If she had tae recover she wad hae bin a big help tae him.

5. To put, bring, take, convey, send (ne., wm.Sc., Kcb. 1956). Now arch. in Eng. Phrs.: to hae oot ower, to have over, to carry over, transfer (Sc. 1825 Jam.); to hae tee tull, to combine with, add to (something) (ne.Sc. 1956).Fif. 1704 P.S.A.S. LVI. 59:
When she heard Mr Logan speak against the witches, she thought that he was daft, and she had up her stool to go out of the kirk.Bnff. 1713 W. Cramond Ch. Deskford (1885) 15:
The officer is ordered to receive five ells of harn cloath, and have it to some tayleor, and cause him make a sackcloath of it.Sc. 1811 Edb. Annual Reg. lxxii.:
Mrs B. has her compliments to you.Abd. a.1880 W. Robbie Yonderton (1929) 73:
We've hid oot ower the secks t' the lan', an' we're ready to begin t' saw.Sc. 1889 Stevenson M. Ballantrae vi.:
A little later he was had to bed.Abd. 1928 Abd. Wkly Jnl. (8 Aug.) 6:
I some doot we're some greedy for lan' an' never lat the little placies be tull we hae them tee tull wir ain fairms.

6. To go, followed by preps. after, wi' (Ags.¹⁹ 1956). Now obs. in Eng.Sc. 1782 J. Sinclair Ob. Sc. Dial. 34:
Have with you. I'll go with you.Fif. 1894 D. S. Meldrum Margrédel xvii.:
When I tell't him Maister Oliphant was awa' to Kemback, he would ha'e after him.

7. To credit, believe, think (‡Abd. 1956). Also with o't = Eng. phr. would you believe it!Sc. 1867 N. Macleod Starling I. ii.:
Weel, what hae ye o't, but ane o' they parrots, or Kickcuckkoo birds . . . had been brocht hame by Willy's brither's son . . . and didna this cratur cry oot “Stap yer blethers!” just ahint the minister.Abd. 1880 G. Webster Crim. Officer 68:
He was ane o' the itineratin' tailors o' “the aul' school” tee, if ye'll hae 't.Arg.¹ 1930:
But what wad ye hae o't: did he no go an dae the very opposite o' what I thocht he wad dae.

II. n. Sing.: hae, hiv. Pl.: †haves.

†1. Property, possessions (Sc. 1802 J. Sibbald Chron. Sc. Poetry Gl., haves; Abd. 1808 Jam., hae). Gen. found in conjunction with another n. in such a phr. as hae and heal, similar in meaning to Eng. health and wealth.Abd. a.1807 J. Skinner Amusements (1809) 92:
And pray the Lord may ever gie you, Baith hae and heal!Bnff. 1871 Banffshire Jnl. (29 Aug.) 6:
Brethren . . . be your portion hae an' heal.

2. Used in phrs. in contrast to want = a possession of material things or mental powers (Rxb. 1923 Watson W.-B.; Ork., Uls. 1956).Lnk. 1910 C. Fraser Glengonnar 81:
He was a queer chiel, Duncan McRae, and had a “ha'e” as weel as a “want,” as the sayin' gangs.Ork. 1920 J. Firth Reminisc. 131:
The irregularity of these supplies kept the recipients in a continual state of “a hae an' a want.”Abd.⁴ 1928:
Guide hiv, wint guides itsel'.