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First published 1963 (DOST Vol. III).
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

Jugement, Jugment, Judgement, n. Also: jwgement, jugg(e)ment, jughment, guegment; jugiment, jugyment; judgment, judgeament. [ME. jugement (1297), gugement (a 1225), iuggement (c 1290), e.m.E. iudgement, OF. jugement, also jugiment.In earlier verse freq. as a trisyllable, as the metre shows, sometimes even when the spelling is jugment. Cf. also Jugisment.]

Judgement, in various senses.

1. The action of judging a cause; trial.Freq. in various set phrases, espec. in jugement (sense 4). 14.. Acts I. 5, 6/2.
That na iustice, schireff [etc.] … sal sit at iugment to be done apon the folowyng … bot quhen sic caus cumis to iugment he sal pas furth of the court and the … soytoris of the court sal mak iugment tharapon Ib.
That na man aw to thol jugment fra a les persoun than fra his peir Ib. 70/2.
Thar sal be na iugment done [on hym] thruch dykpot na yrn c1420 Wynt. v. 1147.
Down he sat And dyd full lauche and jugement Off thame that slwe that innocent 1456 Hay I. 66/19.
As belangand the first questioun, fra quhyne come jugement Ib. 252/10.
It is then lefull and resonable that wommen hald jugement c1475 Wall. vii. 134.
The prety wand … Assignes rewlle and cruell jugement 1533 Bell. Livy I. 295/18.
This Julius … remittit certane thingis to the jugement of pepill, how beit the decisioun thareof pertenit to his awne auctorite 1567 Acts III. 38/1.
That na man beir publict office of jugement … bot sik as profesis the puritie of religioun 1570 Diurn. Occurr. 190.
He … vnderlyit the jugement of ane assyse

b. Judicial authority or the extent or territory of this; jurisdiction. 1490 Irland Mir. fol. 161 b.
Jhesus has put the hvmest and maist hie … jugement in the kyrk 1564 St. A. Kirk S. 208.
Adulterye … committit in tym of Papistre … suld nocht fall under jugiment of this reformit kyrk 1592 Acts III. 554/1.
In executioun of iustice in all ciuile causis belanging to thair jugement 1627 Justic. Cases I. 70.
The said Robert Andersone … to be repledget fra the justice generall his judgement and jurisdiction

c. Appar., a seat of judgement, a tribunal of justice. 1600 Crim. Trials II. 118.
The allegatiounis before rehersit, in the quhilkis the doctouris adduces grit decisiounis in sindrie of the maist famous judgementis of Europ 1616 Ib. III. 412.
And as to the lawis citet to infer the samyn to be crimen capitale … I oppone the daylie custome of this judgement, the municipall law of this realme [etc.]

2. The trial of men by God, the Last Judgement. 1456 Hay I. 74/12.
It is the will of God that sum secrete misdedis remayne to the last jugement c1460 Wisd. Sot. 534.
For at the gret jugment, all ill sal be pwnist 1461 Liber Plusc. I. 386.
Till ansuere at the dreidful jugement a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 601.
This leif quhilk figuris generale jugement 1490 Irland Mir. I. 47/16.
In the extreme jugement [God] sall argw the pepill of the werkis of mercy c1515 Asl. MS. I. 330/13.
The vj age … effor the Day of Jugement a1508 Kennedy Pass. Christ 483.
The Sone of Man … Cum in the clude to jugement agane c1552 Lynd. Mon. 5169.
That day, Quhilk ye call generall jugement a1578 Pitsc. I. 67/11.
Sowmmondand him to the extreme iudgement of God

3. The sentence or decision of a judge or a court of justice. Freq. to gif, geve jugement.(a) a1400 Leg. S. xxxvi. 650.
Jugment in equite 14.. Acts I. 5/2.
How iugment sal be geyffin 1456 Hay I. 272/15.
Thare cummys the vaincur, askand jugment of rycht c1460 Wisd. Sol. 352.
A man suld … mell justice and mercy to gidder in jugmentis a1500 Bernardus 93.
Wrang iugment thow geffys and sentence blynd(b) 1385 Red Bk. Grandtully I. 138*.
In the tyme that I … assentyt to resayue this cause … in myne ordenans, and thairof to gyf iugement 14.. Acts I. 379/2.
Off the respletyng off jugement and domys within court c1420 Wynt. v. 3951.
Wyth nane oure hasty jugyment Set to supprys the innocent 1456 Hay II. 22/36, 37.
A juge … has … power to kepe his jugementis fra fors … in execucioun of his jugement and sentence 1513 Doug. i. i. 45.
Juno … Ful deip engravyn in hir breist onkynd The jugement of Parys 1533 Bell. Livy II. 47/6.
Ane schamefull iugement gevin be the Romane pepill on certane … debatabill landis 1568 Lyndesay Pref.
The lyke jugement sufferit Maistres An Askew 1574 Reg. Privy C. II. 331.
Dame Annas Keith … appellit frome the sentence and jugement gevin be the lordis of Secreit Counsale(c) c1460 Regim. Princ. 225 (M).
Quhen dome is gevin and richtwous judgement 1570 Sat. P. xiii. 148.
Now luke Gods buik quha listis, For it is not mans judgement sa that deims c1575 Balfour Pract. 275.
No judge … aucht … till accept ony man in court as suitar bot him that can mak sufficient … record of proces, domis, and judgment a1578 Pitsc. II. 53/24, 25.
Thir iudgementis war gevin wpoun the servantis of God be the Earle of Argyle sitand in iudgement

b. The sentence or decision of God as judge. c1420 Wynt. v. 5547.
Or he walde byde wyth hys consent Goddys rychtwys jugement c1420 Ratis R. 70.
Thai three terms ar ay present In tyll his rychtwys jugment a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 576.
In lyf contagius we mak contynewans Quhill on our self smyte ferefull jugement 1609 Skene Reg. Maj. I. 110 b.
Therefore thou judge, feare God, … that throw his judgement thou be not condemned

c. A decree, ordinance or law, of God. c1460 Wisd. Sol. 711.
He that is wys kepis the bidinge of God, and his jugementis a1570-86 Maitl. F. clxx. 2.
Job maist just in Godis jugmentis reioys a1578 Pitsc. I. 21/24.
I knaw it is veray iust judgment of God that deceitfull tyrantis … salbe punisched

4. a. In, also in face of, jugement, during the formal course of proceedings in court, before a court of law, in court.(a) 1489 Dunferm. B. Rec. I. 12.
John Homar … offerit in jugment to pay the annuellis 1491 Ib. 36.
In playn jugment 1529 Red Bk. Grandtully I. 69.
Sworne in juggment to decid lelely thairapone(b) c1420 Wynt. i. 638.
For dowt that or we ws repent We mon appere in jugement 1442 (1450) Reg. Great S. 86/1.
The quhilk some eftir lauchful processe maide, the foresaide Gilbert … wan lauchfulli befor us in jugement 1453 Reg. Dunferm. 341.
The quhilkis … I will all vtrali be excludit and neuer to be herd in jugement na vtouth 1456 Hay I. 273/24.
Gif a man had bene in barrieris vencust of ony caus, quhethir gif he suld thole law tharfore in jugement ordinar efterwart a1500 Henr. Fab. 1198.
Quhidder the scheip suld answer in jugement Before the uolf 1531 Bell. Boece II. 164.
He that strikis his colligitant [sic] in jugement, sall tine his action 1545 Aberd. B. Rec. XIX (J).
The bailyeis chargit Besse Senyor in iugement to deliuer Besse Malysoun thre dossoun … goif bawis 1576 Kirkcudbr. B. Rec. 9.
Ane string of ane hat quhilk the said Jonet producit in jugement(c) 1495 Contract (Mey P.) MS.
Or euer he or thay be hard in jugiment 1527 Cart. S. Nich. Aberd. 359.
Dauid Bruce ressauit in iugiment … ane chaleis(d) 1456 Hay I. 121/13.
That he gert do be law of armes, and sentence in judgement 1587 Acts III. 460/2.
The haill accusatioun, ressoning [etc.] … salbe allegit [etc.] … in presence of the pairtie accusit in face of iudgement 1622-6 Bisset II. 169/16.
Syne [she] slew hirself in iudgement presentlie quhen sche had confest the murthoure of the King

b. (To bring a case, summon a person) in jugement, = before a court of law. c1420 Wynt. viii. 1575.
Men … browcht that caus in jugement Before the Kyng in playne parlement 1456 Hay I. 235/26.
Na thare aw na juge to ger summound thame in jugement c 1566 Fife Sheriff Ct. 407.
To creat ony member of court … the bailȝe sall call him in jugment quhen the court is fensit

c. (To sit) in jugement, = as judge or as a duly constituted court of justice. c1420 Wynt. vi. 1352.
This legate tharefor in jugement, Or syttand in chapytere This byschape he cald, and gert appere 1463 Aberd. B. Rec. I. 23.
It was fundin … be the altherman and the balȝeis syttande in jugement, that [etc.] 1531 Bell. Boece II. 82.
King Eugenius … sat oftimes in jugement, to cause him appeir benigne to the pepill c1550 Rolland Ct. Venus i. 910.
I myself will hald him as my fo, Forthy I will not sit in jugement 1554 Edinb. B. Rec. II. 202.
The Counsale sittand in jugement anent the complaynt maid be the haill baillies c 1566 Fife Sheriff Ct. 406.
Than the lord schiref [etc.] … or thair deputtis sall sit doun in jugment

d. Also outwith (utouth), furth of, out of, jugement, = out of court.Chiefly in the formula in jugement and outwith etc. jugement.(1) 1477 Stirlings of Keir 251.
In the law or by the law, in jugement or outwitht jugment 1495 Charter (Reg. H.) No. 596.
We … sal neuir … challance forthir than this assithment amendis … noder in jugement nor out of jugement 1564 St. A. Kirk S. 208.
At he requirit hyr bayth in jugment and furth of jugiment to return(2) 1587 Acts III. 461/1.
Gif ony of the saidis assyssouris hes ony doubt … that thai propone the same oppinly in presens of the pairties in face of indgement befoir thai pas out of jugement thame selffis Ib.
That gif onie of the saidis accusaris [etc.] … pretend … to … speik or repair to the said assyis efter thair removing furth of iudgement

5. A judgement or decision reached, after consideration, about anything; an opinion, estimate, reckoning. c1420 Wynt. vii. 2014.
Thare wes na certane jwgement ?1438 Alex. ii. 151.
Lat be and speik of vther thing, And mak we iudgement vs betuene 1456 Hay II. 147/35.
Wey thame as thou thinkis the caus requeris, with thair jugementis and opyniounis 1528 Lynd. Dreme 630.
The leist sterne … Is more than all the eirth, be my iugment c1552 Id. Mon. 674.
Thare dirk jugementis of astronomye 1549 Compl. 46/12.
Throucht the lang studie … of the sternis, ve can gyf ane iugement of diuerse futur accidentis Ib. 140/18.
There is nocht ane mayr ignorant … thyng … as is til adhere to the iugement of the comont pepil 1568 Lyndesay Pref.
Bot in my iugement, that is the greiter cause of offence a1578 Pitsc. I. 267/17.
Ȝe desyre my oppinioun and iugment gif the king sould gif battell to Ingland

6. a. The ability to make judgements, mental ability, understanding. b. Good or sound judgement, discernment, discretion, good sense. c1420 Wynt. v. 3832.
Syn resowne thine entent Rewlyd noucht in all jugement c1420 Ratis R. 1416.
The fyfte eild … That maist can of gud jugment Ib. 1419.
Jugment beis al forȝet And vilfulnes and mysknawleg [etc.] 1488 Red Bk. Grandtully I. 170*.
We … beand sworne … to deliuer tharapon eftir oure vnderstanding, lawteis and guegment 1562-3 Winȝet I. 52/33.
For na man is of ony iugement quha markis nocht thair schaimles confusioun Ib. 61/5.
Finȝeit eloquence, be the quhilk the incircumspect and licht of iugement oftymes ar dissauit 1563-1570 Buch. Wr. 11.
Sum regent or pedagogis lernit and of jugement 1580 Cath. Tr. 70/12.
Gyive thy awin iudgeament is nocht sufficient to resolve thy self, … to emploie the ministers, and to caus thame ansour 1581 Burne Disput. 43 b.
This … ignorant man, quha dar prefer his auin daft iugement … to sa monie learnit and halie men 1582–3 Reg. Privy C. III. 544.
Maist meit to pas upoun assyissis … in respect of thair knawlege, discretioun, and judgement in sic caissis 1596 Dalr. II. 32/13.
In na science was nathing sa profound … bot his jugement and ingine was able to comprehend

c. Comprehension, mental grasp (of a subject). 1576 Reg. Soltre 233.
The said Johnne … was found to haue ane aggreable iugement of the Lordis prayer