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A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (up to 1700)

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First published 2000 (DOST Vol. VIII).
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Sak(e)les, Saikles, adj. Also: saike-, saick-, sayk-, sac(k)-, seak- and -less(e, -lese, -las, -lace. [ME and e.m.E. sacclæs (Orm), sacles (c1250), saccles (Cursor M.), sakles (a1352), sakeleas (Ancr. R.), sackles (1537), sakeless (1568), sacklesse (1599), late OE sacléas, ON saklauss, MDu. sakeloos; Sak(e n.]

1. Innocent of any offence, guiltless.Also const. of (the alleged offence).Also, by metonymy, in collocation with plaint.(1) 1375 Barb. xx 179.
Quhar mony sakles men war slayn
a1400 Leg. S. xxvi 349.
The consul … Thre sakles knychttis had gert ta & bad men suld sone tham sla
Ib. xi 369.
Saklas
c1420 Wynt. v 284.
He wald … sla Thewys, and sakles men alsua
14.. Acts I 12/2.
Quhasa evir is enchessonyt of fals wytnes beryng in the contrar of ony sakles man [etc.]
c1500-c1512 Dunb. (OUP) 39/10 (M).
Quhat haue I wrocht … that ȝe mwrdir me, a sakles wicht
(b) 1456 Hay I 73/26.
Than suld mony licht ȝong rekles men … tak bataill apon sakeles men that ware wayke men of age or of nature
Ib. 198/1.
Na to sla the sakeles lady
1632 Lithgow Trav. iii 122.
Curst be the hands that sakelesse Troianes slay
1639 Fugitive Poetry II xvii 5/123.
Widows, orphans, maydes and sakelesse ladyes
a1689 Cleland 73.
Poor sakeless wights
Ib. 83.(c) 1460 Hay Alex. 1803.
Gif he wald mak end of the were And stanche effusioun of saikles menis blude
a1500 Henr. Fab. 2664.
It is wrang that for the fatheris gilt The saikles sone suld punist be
c1475 Wall. xi 395. 1513 Doug. ii ii 150.
Thai, saykles wyghtis, sal for my gilt be slane
1528 Douglas Corr. 133.
As I that is ane innocent and saikles mann, as I sall ansuer to God
1535 Stewart 23922. Arundel MS 274/22.
Be blitht, mankind, … into presoun sumtyme dirk and dym Honour with houres … The saikles Lorde that slane was for thi slycht
1567 Sat. P. iv 101.
Ane saikles lambe, ane innocent but dreid, Taine be consent of thame he luiffit best
Ib. vii 32. a1568 Bann. MS 243b/39.
Quhy wald ȝe slay ȝour saikles man?
a1568 Sempill Sat. P. xlvii 72.
Bot ȝe latt rukis and ravynis rin throw the nett And saikles dowis makis subiect to the law
1584 Id. Ib. xlv 532.
Anguse, Mar, and Maister of Glames, Tak thir thrie for na saikles lambes
1587-99 Hume 42/45.
Agains the saikles saincts of God
a1605 Montg. Sonn. li 7.
Ȝit thoght thou [supra suete nichtingale] sees not, sillie, saikles thing, The piercing pykis brods at thy bony breist
1604-31 Craig ii 65. 1635 Wodrow MSS in Hay Geneal. 101.
Your shireffe's grace can cast a saicklesse lord
(d) 1600-1610 Melvill 429.
At unawars behind his bak … When he was passing lyk a seakles lam, These crewall craftie wolfs upon him cam
(2) a1400 Leg. S. xii 272.
Criste wes Condampnyt to the dede saklace
Ib. xxxi 438.
Saklas
c1420 Wynt. v 3676.
Quhare slayne mony ware sacles [C. war mony sacles, A. mony that ware sakles]
1513 Doug. vi vii 14.
Tha folkis … Wrangwysly put to ded for cryme sakles
(b) 1456 Hay I 232/26.
It is allegit be law of nature … that innocence suld nocht sakeles be grevit
(c) a1500 Henr. Hasty Credence 52.
Thre personis severall he slayis with ane wowrd—Him self, the heirar and the man saiklace [: face]
a1500 Gol. & Gaw. 3.
For his saik that saiklese wes slane
c1475 Wall. viii 1379.
The queyn wepyt for pete of Wallace … He [sc. Hesilryg] suld haiff payn, that saikles sic ane sleuch
a1508 Kennedy Pass. Christ 988.
Thow saikles, I dred to sla, allace!
1560 Rolland Seven S. 2396.
Thoill not sic schame sa saikles cum to me
Ib. 2602. a1568 Bann. MS 226a/49.
It war hir syn I dar say I suld thus be schent saikles
a1578 Pitsc. I 167/13. 1579 Acts III 176/1.
Sa being innocent as God knawis we ar we sustene a hevy slander saikles
1594 Warrender Illustr. Sc. Hist. 47.
My estait, then, is this: one saikles and but desert (saif quhat in my awin defence I haif done) persewit by promeis most rigorouslie of my souerane
1611-57 Mure Psalmes cxix 86.
Persew'd, I, (saikles) am
(3) a1400 Leg. S. xxx 763.
This is thi monk Theodorus That sakles wes for lychery To thé accusit wikitly
Ib. xl 355.
Ȝone prest sakles is but wen
1527 Selkirk B. Ct. (ed.) 86.
We ordand James and Cristeane … to sweir thaim sakles art and part red and consell of the forsaid sword or ellis to mak pament
1534 Ib. 140.
That George Michelhill … is quhort out clene and sakles of all crimenabyll actione
(b) a1500 Quare Jel. 83.
Jupiter that knowith euery hart Wote that I am sakelese me defende
1535 Stewart 13347.
That … siclike ȝe caus thame till prevaill Quhilk innocent and saikles in this tyme, And puneische thame committit hes the cryme
1554 Corr. M. Lorraine 384.
That the men suffir nocht gif thai be saikles
1560 Rolland Seven S. 1686.
Baith tre and frute he wantit The gardner not saikles, to cut sa sone that grantit
Ib. 2453.
My wife, quhilk I wait was saikles
1572 Sempill Sat. P. xxxviii 8.
Ȝone mask the quene mother hes maid thame in France, Was maikles and saikles and schamfully slane
1622 Scot Course of Conformity Preface.
Sakeless
(4) 1460 Hay Alex. 2126.
Of the thing thai mene sche is saikles
a1500 Henr. Annunc. 48.
Sa was that may maid moder suete And sakeles of all synnis
1524 Carnwath Baron Ct. (SHS) 31.
The inqueist findis that thai ar saikles of the kow
1546 Sources and Lit. Sc. Law 299.
That William Makmorane … was theirout innosent and saikles of art and part of Pate Scuittis corne and claithis
1552 Reg. Privy C. I 133.
Hes cruellie … slane diverse of our freyndis, saikles men of ony cryme done be us
1554 Corr. M. Lorraine 384.
And gif thai be saikles of the crym
15.. Clar. iii 661.
Thay … Weill knew of gylt that scho was all saikles
1560 Rolland Seven S. 2896. 1568 Buch. Indict. 33.
The quene … to be compted saikles of it … begouth … to mak ane dedlie hetrand betuix the king and the lordis
1577 Reg. Privy C. II 623. 1604 Ib. VI 595.
Being innocent and saikles of the deid committit
1614 Inverness Rec. II 122.
The … personis of inqueist … hes fund … the saids Hector McKenzie [etc.] … to be clein saickles and frie and saiff of the hail poinctis of the said dittay
c1650 Spalding II 158.(5) c1475 Wall. vi 215.
The saklace slauchter off hir, blith and brycht
c1500-c1512 Dunb. Tua Mar. W. 97.
He may weill to the syn assent, bot sakles is his deidis
a1605 Montg. Misc. P. viii 31.
The roches rings and rendirs me my cryis Our saikles plaints to pitie thame provoks

b. absol. as noun. Innocent persons; those who are, or he who is, innocent.(1) c1420 Wynt. v 3676.
Quhare slayne mony ware sacles
c1475 Wall. (1570) ix 153.
Mony saikles I haue gart put to deid
1533 Boece 315.
That be his failȝe sa mony innocentis and saikles war slane
1535 Stewart 39142. a1568 Scott xxvi 46.
Thay sklander saikles
a1568 Bann. MS 222a/23.
Quhai saikles slayis sall nevir moir se the face Of God
(2) 1560 Rolland Seven S. 3531.
Gar the saikles get wyte, mak hir self clene and quyte
Ib. 9585.
Bot [he] will alwayis defend the innocent And will not thoill the saikles to be schent
1563-1570 Buch. Wr. 35.
[She] severis fra the saikles in punissing sic ar gilty in offenceing
1572 Sempill Sat. P. xxx 162. 1625 Garden Kings 54.
He slayes the saikles and the innocents
1640 Lithgow Poet. Remains 252.
Saiklesse

c. Metonymically, in sakeles blude (blude saikles): The blood of innocent persons; (the crime of) taking the life of an innocent person or innocent persons.(1) c1420 Wynt. v 3651.
This Teodosius … Gert sla all downe wyth-owt mercy, Wyth thai mysdoarys saclas blude That sowmyt wes … Fywe thowsand men
Ib. 3709.
Quhare-off sacles blud drepand Yhit wanhewys bath slew and hand
Ib. ii 12, v 2825. ?a1500 Steel Roy Robert (1700) p. 8.
Why then caused he … So meikle sakles blood be spilt
c1500-c1512 Dunb. (OUP) 8/43.
His saikles blude agane thai sched
1535 Stewart 5184, 7322. c1552 Lynd. Mon. 1620.
I pray ȝow to me tell … quho did first sched saikles blude
Ib. 1943.
Weir scheddis mekle saikles blude
Ib. 2796. 1567 Sat. P. iv 186.
For to reuenge … My saikles bluid, my murther and iniure
1568 Reg. Privy C. I 634. 1563-1570 Buch. Wr. 23.
And now sekis his awin saikles blude
1570 Sat. P. xiii 38.
Cain aganis his brother did rebell, And susseit not to sched his saikles blude
Ib. xx 172. 1590 Burel Pilgr. ii 130.
With sackles blud, quhilk heir is sched
1601 Cal. Sc. P. XIII 852.
[In craving my] saikeles [blood]
1581-1623 James VI Poems II 154/56.
Saickles
1611-57 Mure Psalmes cvi 38.
Sakeles
1639 Fugitive Poetry II xv 6/2.
Saikles
(2) c1552 Lynd. Mon. 4062.
The vengeance of the blude saikles, Frome Abell tyll Zacharies, That day apon Jerusalem fell
15.. Clar. iii 591.
The vengence that sall from hevine stryke doun Upon wretchis for the blood saikles Of hir that in all vertew stude maikles
1600-1610 Melvill 430.
The vengeance grait Of seakles blud
a1605 Montg. Sonn. vii 2.
Thir cruell crymis Adultries witchcraftis incests sakeles bluid
1622-6 Bisset I 15/25.
Saikles bluid and homyceid Ar compted for to be ane sobir cryme
1635 Fugitive Poetry II xi 1/3.
Its seimes thy soull has thought it good To venter moneyes, fleing saikles [Wodrow MSS seaklesse] blood
a1651 Calderwood III 131.
Sakelesse

d. With nouns, or in noun phrases, of action: Perpetrated against innocent persons; that has befallen an innocent person. 1525 St. A. Formulare I 269.
The malysoun that lychtit on cursit Cayn quhen he slew his bruthere just Abell saikleslye mot lycht on thame for the saikles slauchteris murthuris and reyffis that tha committ daylie
15.. Clar. iii 1555.
The maist saikles murder and felloune Done to this innocent ladie
Ib. v 70.
Of Cresseid the saikles slander
1572 Sat. P. xxxii 2.
Quhat murther & oppressioun, Quhat saikles slauchter
a1578 Pitsc. (1728) 57.
That he might not goodly be revenged of their sakeles injuries and incursions
1578–9 Reg. Privy C. III 88.
Saikles malice
1579 Acts III 144/1.
Aganis sic as troublis thair nychtbouris be criminale persute saikles
1605 Elphinstone Mun. 198/1.
That the best courseis … ar crossed by saikles malice of sick as invyis the success
1581-1623 James VI Poems II 106/4.
Mine shall reuenge thy saikles famous fall
a1660 Sempill P. 17/313.
Should any soul such sakelesse slaughter smother

2. Free from, untouched by (of) (an affliction). 1513 Doug. xii x 13.
Turnus … behaldis the cite, Saikles [L. immunem] of batale, fre of all syk stryfe

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"Sakles adj.". Dictionary of the Scots Language. 2004. Scottish Language Dictionaries Ltd. Accessed 5 Nov 2024 <http://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/sakeles>

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