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A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (up to 1700)

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First published 1963 (DOST Vol. III).
This entry has not been updated since then but may contain minor corrections and revisions.

Have, Hawe, v.1 Also: haw, haiw, haive. See also reduced forms Ha, Hae and A v. Pres. p. havand, -eand, haw(e)and, haiv-, hav(e)ing, -(e)yng. Pres. t. havys, hawys, (h)as, hase, hace, hayis, hais(e (2 pers. haist, haest); hath(e, haith(e. Pa. t. and p.p. had(e, haid(e, hayd. [ME. have(n, habbe, OE. habban. Cf. Haf, Hafe, Hef, Heve.] To have, in various senses and uses.

After conditional p.t. auxiliaries, sometimes followed by the negative nocht, or in the infin., with a following past pple., as he micht (suld, wald etc.) (nocht) (have) done or been something, or to (have) done something, have is often omitted entirely, ? by a further reduction. In addition to the following small selection of examples, see also the various auxiliary verbs and Be v. A. 6 b: c1460 Alex. (Taym.) 3219.
Thay wald him sa fane in handis tane
c1475 Wall. xi. 1175.
Had nocht beyne he, ye suld nocht had entres In to this rewlm
1490 Irland Mir. I. 78/32.
Sua that he suld nocht incurrit seknes na bodely deid
15.. Dum Wyf 85.
Thow laid in leifis thrie Quhair ane mycht bene enew
c1590 Fowler I. 126/17, 18.
My self, who tymelie suld foirsene To opned wpp the lowring lidds and windowis of my ene

1. tr. With direct object, either material or concept.(a)1375 Barb. i. 157.
The kynryk ȝharn I nocht to haue
Ib. 224.
Quhat wrachitnes may man haue mar?
a1500 Rauf C. 160.
Thow byrd to haue nurtour aneuch
a1508 KennedyFlyt. 474.
Boun with thé to haue a fals botwand
1513 Doug. i. Prol. 56.
Nane is, nor was, … sal haue sic crafte in poetry
Ib. iii. vii. 27.
A prowd tawbart … to weir and have
c1550 Lynd.Meldrum 44.
I think … He suld haue place amang the laif
1560 RollandSeven S. 6184.
To haue the toun also the King determit
(b)1375 Barb. i. 21.
Thai suld weill hawe prys
a1400 Leg. S. i. 93.
Hawe no drede
Ib. 252.
We hawe no nede of thi pece
1425Reg. Great S. 11/1.
Til halde and til hawe the said office
c1475 Wall. i. 383.
Martyns fysche we wald hawe
Ib. ix. 1305.
With his bait thai mycht … passage hawe
1576Aberd. B. Rec. II. 27.
That euerie brothir of gild … sall hawe ane halbaird … within his boith
1619Elgin Kirk S. 161.
I shall hawe amendis of thé
1628Aberd. B. Rec. III. 24.
To hawe resset or beild within the said burght
1640Ib. 208.
[To] hawe any pairt in the kingdome of heavine
1642Aberd. Council Lett. II. 345.
All the subiectis hawand entres
Ib. 346.
Ye haw besyd yow … our tounes wreat
(c)1562-3 Winȝet I. 64/10 (MS.).
Allegeing thame to haive … auctorite
1582ColvilleLett. 4.
Geiue I had better, ye sould haiue it
(d) a1500 Lanc. 976.
Fourty thousand armyt men haith he
(2)1385Rotuli Sc. II. 73/2.
Haveand … force and effecte in all poyntz
a1499 Contempl. Sinn. 582.
The wyce … Of fulis havand na awisaciomn
c1490 IrlandAsl. MS. I. 9/18.
All person havand wit & discressioun
1513 Doug. ii. x. 90.
With his gret mattok havand granys thre
1535Acts II. 345/2.
Ilk man havand xl li. land sall haue ane culvering
a1570-86 MaitlandMaitl. F. xxviii. 7.
Beseynes not sleuthe haueand tyme and space
(b)c1420 Wynt. i. 670.
Weyngys … , as yhe se ernys hawand here
Ib. ii. 39.
Ane archare … Hawand in his hand a bowe
1545Reg. Cupar A. II. 51.
Hawand thair commonte in the mwre of Montkell
1579Edinb. B. Rec. IV. 122.
Personis hawand ony cruves for swyne … fornent the Hie Streitt
1584Coll. Aberd. & B. 629.
He hawand no sone on lywe
(c)1562Edinb. B. Rec. III. 141.
Officeris, nocht having … detfull regaird to thair conscience
1636Banff Ann. I. 75.
[John Browne, etc.] who liwe idlie as codroches out of service in privat houses, haweing na laufull calling, traid, nor vocatioun
(3)c1420 Wynt. i. 668.
Thai … naylys scharpe hawys certanly
Ib. 712.
Folk … [that] havys bot ane ey
c1420 Ratis R. 1125.
This eild … as best [= beast] it havis feilinge
Ib. 1567.
Of gret eild it havis na dreid
1672 Kirkcudbr. Sheriff Ct. Processes No. 128 (12 March).
The said complainer haves his residence within the stewartrie
(b)c1420 Wynt. iv. 372.
The ansuere … Offt dowbyll wnderstandyn hayis
a1500 Gol. & Gaw. 794.
God … alkyn myght haise
a1508 KennedyFlyt. 441.
The deuill a gude thou hais
c1500-c1512 Dunb. xlix. 48.
Ay rynnis the fox Quhill he fute hais
(c)142915th Rep. Hist. MSS. App. viii. 10.
All accyons, qwilkis he hasse or may haf
1513 Doug. i. Prol. 35.
Nane … has … sic craft in poetry
(b)a1400 Leg. S. xxxiii. 302.
The king And al the puple that he hade
c1420 Wynt. i. 94.
Of all thinge … Thai hade large abowndance
Ib. 210.
Scho tauld quhat wyttyng that scho hade
a1500 Gol. & Gaw. 566.
Throw all the harnes thai hade … wappynis couth wade
1626 GardenWorthies 97.
As they highlie honor'd thé that hade them [sc. her graces]
(b)1375 Barb. v. 298 (E).
Douglas in hart gret glaidschip haid
c1475 Wall. iv. 404.
Sotheren wist nocht that he sic plesance haid
1490Foulis Chart. MS. (Reg. H.).
My landdis of erytage that I … haide vmquhille
1533 Gau 39/8.
Schw hayd na payne or trowbil
1572-5 Diurn. Occurr. 79.
The landis … and possessiounes quhilkis he haid
1600-1610 Melvill 29.
For archerie and goff, I haid how, arrose, glub and bals
1631Strathbogie Presb. 2.
To [have] exceptit against it giwe he haid any just reasone
1660NicollDiary 305.
The toun of Edinburgh haid 16 companyes
a 1714Cromarty Corr. II. 501.
On[e] Kenneth … haid aughtein arrowes in his quiver
(c)1375 Barb. vii. 941.
The wall … That had weile ner twelf fute off hycht
Ib. xi. 309.
In his hye cheuelry Thai had assouerance
c1420 Wynt. vii. 410.
That get That Malcolm had of Saynt Margret
1456 Hay I. 148/3.
The favouris that he had of before
c1475 Wall. ii. 29.
A churll thai had, that felloune byrdyngis bar
c1500-c1512 Dunb.Tua Mar. W. 204.
He had the glemyng of gold
1531 Bell.Boece II. 472.
Scho had bot xi yeris in age
1546 Lynd.Trag. Card. 71.
Off all Scotland. I had the gouernall
1596Highland P. I. 170.
Ardkinglas had ane air [= heir] himself
(c)a1400 Leg. S. i. 238.
Serpens … he made Sterand as thai lyf had hade
c 1400Newbattle Chart. MS. (Reg. H.).
Ane pec(e) of … land … to be haldyn & haid be the said Ranald
1483Grant Chart. 35.
Landis … to be haldin and haide
1549Breadalbane Coll. (Reg. H.) No. 67.
All rychtis … that I haue haid … to the landis
1578Conv. Burghs I. 56.
The … lang and mutuall lowe haid betuix ws
1657Aberd. Council Lett. III. 297.
Albeit we haid haid … never so much ammunition
(b)1498Douglas Chart. (Reg. H.).
To be haldin & to be had the said proffittis to the said Robert
1533 Boece ii. xii. 84b.
Quhen he was certifyit [that] he was had in Ireland
1560 RollandSeven S. 807.
We all beleuit till [have] had of ȝow solace
1569-73 Bann.Memor. 140.
I remember … when we wald haue bene glaid to [have] had the mes heir

(b) (c) a1598 Ferg. Prov. No. 300.
Had I fish was never good with garlick

2. With additions denoting some condition, use, purpose, or result. a. With prepositions, esp. in, to.For other examples see daynté, e (eye), governing, keping, purpose, remembrance.1375 Barb. i. 5.
Than suld storys … Hawe doubill plesance in heryng
Ib. vi. 384.
His gouernyng That hade the castell in keping
c1420 Wynt. ii. 910.
Quhare I left, now to begyn I have in purpos
Ib. ix. 54.
Ane wes he That wes had in grete daynte
1450Aberd. B. Rec. I. 19.
The eucariste of siluer quhilk Theman goldsmyth had in making
1456 Hay I. 261/3.
Gif a man has despyte at ane othir
c1450 Craft Deyng 81.
Thai ar nocht worthy to have him to thare … redemar
1494Antiq. Aberd. & B. II. 353.
That Henry … sal marrie and haue to wife Marjorie
1562-3 Winȝet I. 8/18.
Havand regard to the wrek of this warld
1567 G. Ball. 133.
Having my gospell in greit disdane
a1578 Pitsc. I. 36/27.
Haweand the weilfair of this realme befoir our eyis
1605Aberd. B. Rec. II. 278.
That euerie maister of houshold … hawe bene fyris befoir thair yettis
1675Inverness Presb. 334.
They were desyred to haw ther recourse to the comishars for a divorce

b. With adjs. and pples., to with infin., and that.(1)c1420 Wynt. i. 51.
Hawande excusyde my sympylnes
1488Treas. Acc. I. 94.
To pure wyfis … that had thare gudis taken away
1500Ib. II. 99.
To ane woman that had her husband slane
1555Ib. X. 273.
Gevvin to twa of the saidis vitnes to mak thair expens had agane
  1560 Rolland Seven S. 1082.
I wald haue giuen. .Ten thousand pound for to haue had it so
a1570-86 Maitl. F. clxxix. 36.
Thouht it be lost … the day That thow haid haill & sound ȝestrein
1602Misc. Maitl. C. II. 145.
The Dutche merchandis … hawing thair cowpis sett … for keiping of ane lawfull tred
(2)1375 Barb. i. 38.
Alexander … , That Scotland haid to steyr and leid
a1500 Henr.Fab. 362 (A).
Scho had ennuche to eit
a1500 Rauf C. 61.
I had … mair nait sum freindschip to find
1493Edinb. Chart. 173.
To haue lettres to summond thair witnes
c1500-c1512 Dunb.Tua Mar. W. 208.
Had I that plesand prevelege … To change & ay to cheise agane
1513 Doug. x. x. 36.
Thy … mother sall thé not haue To erd, as custum is
1562-3 Winȝet I. 91/10 (ms).
Nocht haweand mynd to performe
a 1568Sat. P. xlvii. 5.
Havand na commission To hurt Dame Venus virgenis
1590 BurelPilgr. i. xxii.
Quhois ȝowling … I haue na will to heir
1628Rep. Sir R. Menzies MSS. 698.
He hade warrand to take … order with them
(3)1533 Bell.Livy I. 79/21.
Havand na cognissance that his sonnys wife was with chylde

3. As auxiliary verb with past pples.(a)c1420 Wynt. v. 2411.
Till hawe gottyn … Of gold and sylvyr gret plente
c1490 IrlandAsl. MS. I. 73/25.
I haue nocht had … abstenance aganis gluttery
1537 Lynd.Depl. Magd. 116.
The honest burges cled thow suld haue sene
1577Glasgow B. Rec. I. 69.
[A] calsay maker, quhom thai hawe borrowit fra … Dundey
  a1578 Pitsc. I. 220/11.
Giueand him consall to haue devoirit his sone
1580Cath. Tr. 69/12.
Nocht haiwand obteined full remissione
Ib. 70/9.
Be sick meanes as I haiw declared
1601Highland P. III. 105.
The misery quhilk I aknawleg to hawe … deseruid
1642Aberd. Council Lett. II. 345.
Ye haw resaivit the extract of ane decreit
1653Glasgow B. Rec. II. 270.
His wyfe haweing brocht out thrie childrein
(2)a 1350Facs. Nat. MSS. II. 14.
[The abbot and convent] has grantit
1375 Barb. vi. 256.
Aucht men … has he slane
a1400 Leg. S. xxxvi. 988.
His sterne we Hes sene in the est
1405Antiq. Aberd. & B. IV. 173.
The said Schir Dauid … hase tane instrument
c1420 Wynt. ii. 846.
The Scottis … Havys it … haldyn ay
1454Liber Coll. Glasg. 177.
Iohne Steuart hasse gyffin and grawntyde … a tenement
1488Dunferm. B. Rec. 5.
The doym that ye has gyffyn is ewyl
1490Bk. Carlaverock II. 448.
I, … Sir Alexander, hace sett to my seill
1495Maxwell Mem. 217.
We, … Mathew, as hungyn to our seyll
1513 Doug. xii. viii. 36.
Achates Byhedit has the wight Epulones
1568Waus Corr. I. 43.
Boyth parteis hais subscrywit the … contrak
(b)1375 Barb. i. 514.
To hald that thai forspokyn haid
Ib. xi. 371.
He … thame helit hade Vith stikis
c1420 Wynt. iv. 2686.
A cribe that … he fundyn hade
1490Acta Aud. 139/2.
The lordis … haid gevin a decrett contrare him
c1590 J. Stewart 87/266.
Boyling baile his … braine haid blont
1624Peebles B. Rec. 412.
The depursmentis he hade depursit in Selkirt
1660Aberd. B. Rec. IV. 191.
He haid left his charge … , and haid not acquantit the counsell
(b)1375 Barb. iii. 216.
Thai … Had fled … Had nocht bene Scipio
a1400 Leg. S. vi. 342.
Sene God fyrste had this warld wrocht
1456 Hay I. 51/31.
Sa had thai done, had nocht bene schir Cipro
c1500-c1512 Dunb.Tua Mar. W. .
As [if] Belzebub had on me blent
c1540 Lynd.Kitteis Conf. 40.
I wald I had bene thare
1567Sat. P. vi. 108.
Leif nathing … Unrutit out as it had neuer bene
  1597 Misc. Spald. C. I. 128.
Quhilk giw scho had nocht doon, scho had deeit
(c) 1492 Myll Spect. 278/30.
[They] haith tane sic vengeance that thai haif ryddyn [etc.]

4. To take or bring, carry or convey to or from a place.Frequent with away, and very common in the past pple. had.(a)a1500 Rauf C. 743.
The knichtis bad haue him to hing
1482Edinb. Chart. 167.
Fremen … byand ony gudis in Leith to haue away
1513 Doug. xi. i. 53.
Lat ws to erd haue The corpsys … onbegraue
15.. Clar. iv. 2181.
Thairin hes [he] garte lay him doune, To have him to his friendis haistillie
1549Edinb. Hammermen 181 b.
Giffin to haue away of the stanis out of the hospetall ȝard
(b)1375 Barb. xv. 240.
He … syne had him to haly sted
c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 417.
He … to the shippes … in hast thame hade
c1420 Wynt. v. 5657.
He … hade wyth hym that croys away That Cryst deyd on
?1438 Alex. ii. 3540.
Ane mariner had thame ouer Pharoun
c1475 Wall. ii. 342.
Scho had him wp to Wallace by the des
1498Acta Conc. II. 290.
[They] strak up his duris … and had away with thame iiij horse
a1578 Pitsc. I. 230/2.
The Scottis men … tuik … his thrie schipis and had them wpe to Tay
c1650 Spalding I. 48.
Thay … spolȝeit a number of cattell … and avowitly had thame to Bryak fair
(c)a1400 Leg. S. xxix. 881.
Hou … thai With wyld bestis war had away
1398Acts I. 212/2.
The paying of custum of … hors and nowte had out of the land
c1400 Troy-bk. ii. 1401.
He gert … thir asshes … For to be had in hys cuntre
1497Edinb. B. Rec. I. 71.
Mylnis … brokin and had away be tempest
1515Ib. 156.
He was adjugeit to be had to the trone
1533 Boece iii. iii. 94.
Cesare … causit sa mony as war woundit be had to schippis
1555Prot. Bk. T. Dalrymple 1b.
The … corn wes schorn and haid away
1570-3 Bann.Trans. 489.
The deid corps … was tane out of the chalmer and hade into the chapell
1595Edinb. B. Rec. V. 145.
Sic [persons] … to be imprysonet … and had to the croce
c1650 Spalding I. 225.
Scoolis given wp, and the barnes had hame to thair parentis

5. a. In various idiomatic uses.1375 Barb. xiii. 305 (E).
Hawys gude day
Ib. xvi. 236.
Thou has vrang, perfay
c1420 Wynt. ii. 1405.
Sum tyme yit warthai hade
Ib. viii. 6935.
The prowdast … Sall on the hevyd have wyth this mace
1456 Hay I. 55/32.
Thai had lever all dee togider na to leve that noble toune
c1475 Wall. ix. 1543.
Doand thar to as dede askis till hawe
1513 Doug. ii. xi.49.
Haue done, … clym vp anone
a1500 Peblis to Play 170.
I sall anis haue at him
1554Edinb. B. Rec. II. 199.
That thai sett … wappinschawingis to be haid within thair awin boundis
1584Waus Corr. II. 313.
Johnne Kennedy hes declarit … that ye ar desirous to haue your goishalk fra Robert Stewart
1603 Moysie Mem. 1.
Being admitted to the Kingis Majesteis presence, wes sa had and acceptit as theare wes ane chalmer appoynted for him in the castell
  a1650 Row 419.
The dewill have it aillis yow
1676 Kirkcaldy B. Rec. 28 May.
Considering that Wm. Henderson executor to umquhile Barbara Anderson is desyrous to have up the 2000 merkes now resting to him

b. To know by heart.1609Kinghorn Kirk S. 17.
Being accusit for his ignorance in nocht hawing the commands
1627Elgin Rec. II. 198.
William Coban actit for his man … that he sall have the comandis tuixt this and Pasche

6. intr. and refl. To behave, conduct oneself.c1420 Wynt. ix. 3144.
The multitude … Commendyt heily his affere … As he him hawyt adresly
1490 IrlandMir. I. 16/26.
How thi hienes suld have thé anens God and thi pepil
1544Reg. Privy S. III. 133/2.
Providing that the saidis personis have thame honestlie within oure realme
1560 RollandSeven S. 851.
Gine I my self as dum man moste me haue Seuin dayis but speiche
a1570-86 Maitl. F. cxiii. 19.
Trew knowlege sall I get … How I sall haue me at all houris

7. Additional use: see Ado adv. 2.

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